Wire-nail machine



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

W. J., HUTOHINS.

WIRE NAIL MACHINE.

Patent edJune 28, 1887.

T/(7Z'%)?$ s G wiw, WM 2%. 6.

on. D. C.

N. PETER5Phalo-Lillwgmpher. Walhingl 3 Sheets Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

W. J. HUTOHINS.

WIRE NAIL MACHINE.

No. 365,687. Patented June 28, 1887.

d 2 T U 3 F ,8 4 w 3 4 QQS r v z z I 2 z I I m Fm gh: 9 x wnwfi ahHma MI. 8 K J Qli 8E d I. H *5 r T 5 z 3 J 2 72 Ire 72 2'01 1 M n/14% W! n. mam. Hmm-Limb m hm. wmin xmvpw (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

' W. J. HUTOHINS.

WIRE NAIL MACHINE.

No. 365,687. Patented June 28, 1887.

v g z 522 22 2 214 In Ire 92 for,

N. PETERS. PhMc-Lilhngnpher, Washington. D O.

view of the lower point-cutter.

UNITE WILLIAM JVHUTOHINS, OF J OLIET, ILLINOIS.

WIRE-NAIL MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 365,687, dated June 28, 1887.

Application filed December 29. 1886. Serial No. 222,939. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM J. HUTOHINS, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Joliet, in the county of Will and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wire-Nail Ma;

chines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to certain improve ments in wire nail machines, the construction and operation of which are fully set forth and explained in the following specification and claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a top plan view of the machine. Fig. 2 is a detail plan view of that portion of the gripping dies, heading too], and wireguide which serves to grip, head, and, in com junction with one of the point-cutters, cut the nail loose from the wire, and also a top plan Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of the grippingdies. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the two pointeutters and a portion of the wire-guide, showing the form of the cutters and their relative position with relation to the end of the wireguide. Fig. 5 is a detail plan view of a portion of one gripping-die of the machine. Fig. 6 is a detail face view of a portion of the two gripping-dies of the machine, showing the manner in which they meet. Fig. 7 1s a vertical longitudinal sectional elevation of the machine on line 1 of Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a detail side view of the lower end of the header arm. Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional View of the wire-feeding mechanism taken 011 line 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 10 is a detail side view of the two point-cutters and a portion of the wireguide, and also an end view of one of the grippiug dies, showing themanner in which the nails are lowered from the gripping-dies after they are headed and as-their points are completed. Figs. 11, 12, and 13 are views of wire nails, being the productof the machine. Fig. 14. is a vertical cross-sectional elevation of the machine on line 3 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 15 is a face plan view of the slotted disk for operating the wirefeedingmechanism of the machine, also showof said chuck, also showing a shank and the upper point-cutter set therein.

Fig. 18'is a perspective view of said chuck and its con nected parts; and Fig. 19 is a side plan view of the heading-tool, showing the manner in which it is secured to the-header.

Referring to the drawings, B represents the bed of the machine, which is rectangular in form, and supported on the legs L and L. L represents a beam arranged between said legs below bed B, and is firmly secured to said legs by means of cap screws, as shown in Figs.

7 and 14.

B is a bracket formed integral with bed B, and supports the reciprocating wire-feeding grip-head and guide, and also has secured to it a wirestraightener, T, for straightening the wire WV as it is fed into the machine. (See Fig. 1.)

B B 13', B and B are boxes secured to bed B by means of cap-screws in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 7, and are for the purpose of supporting the shafts S and S, as shown in Fig. 1, the position of said shafts being also shown in Figs. 7 and let in crosssection. M represents a pair of mitergears, which are keyed on said shafts in the manner shown in Fig. 1.

A is a belt-pulley secured on shaft S next to box B, (see Fig. 1,) and over which a belt may pass to operate the machine, and A is a similar loose pulley arranged at the side of pulley A, and is for the purpose of holding the driving-belt when it is desired to stop the movement of the machine, the driving-belt being shifted from the one to the other, to thus operate or stop the operation of the machine. A represents a balance-wheel secured to shaft S next to box B, as shown in Fig. 1, the momentum of which facilitates the successful operation of the machine.

H is a headerlever formed with an integral downwardly-extending arm, H arranged to operate in an elongated opening through bed B and terminates in a fork forming a pair of ear-lugs, seated over a hub of beam L and pivotally secured to said beam by a pin, 1 as shown in Fig.7. (See also Fig. 14.)

E represents an eccentric secured on shaft S between boxes B B and is for the purpose of operating said header-lever through the medium of the eccentric strap and arm E, connecting said eccentric with a pair of ear-lugs integral with the rear upper part of said.

header-lever by means of pin 1', as shown in Figs. 1 and 7.

b and I) represent a pair of guide-plates scoured to bed B by means of cap'screws, one at each side of said header-lever immediately below its enlarged upper part, (see Figs. 1 and 7,) and are for the purpose of properly guiding said header-lever.

H is a header screw-threaded about threefourths its length, and is screwed into the header lever in a corresponding screw-, threaded hole bored in the face of said headerlever, and can be adjusted by either screwing it in or out of said hole, and can be held at any desired adjustment by a lock-nut, as shown in Figs. 1 to 7, and 19.

D represents a head secured to the upper surface of bed B, near one side, by means of capscrews, and is for the purpose of holding the stationary grippingdie G, as shown in Figs. 1 and 7, and t, t, and t are set screws for adjusting and holding said die firmly in said head. Dis an extension or wing of said head arranged along the side of the wire-line, as

shown in Figs. 1 to 7, and 14, and is for the purpose of supporting a guide for properly guiding the wire into the machine.

D? is a standard formed integral with head and 14..)

K is a bracket secured to the under part of bed B, immediately below head D, by means of cap-screws. Saidbracket has an integral depending ear-lug which supports the pivoted end of the lower lever, operating the lower point-cutter. (See Fig. 14.) Said bracket also has a pair of integraldepending ear-lugs, between which is pivotedthe lower end of the arm. of the oscillating grip-head of the machine. (Sce Fig. 7, and also dotted lines in Fig. 14.)

D represents the oscillating grip-head arranged through an opening in bed B, and is formed with an integral downwardly-extending curved arm, which is pivoted between the ear-lugs of bracket K, as described, by means .of ping at a point directly under the wireline. (See Fig. 7 and dotted lines in Fig. 14.)

I is an eccentricwhich is secured on shaftS between boxes 13 and B and operates said grip-head D through the medium of the eccentric strap and arm I, connecting said eccentric with a pair of rear integral ear-lugs of said grip-head by means of pin 12. (See Figs. 1 and 14). A cap-plate secured to the upper part of said head by means of cap-screws and the setscrews c, v, and '0 serves to hold and adjust the gripping-die G, which is set in and operated by said head, as shown in Fig. 1 and by dotted lines in Fig. 14.

0 represents a lever fulcrumed to the upper part of standard D by means of pin in. Said lever has set therein the chuck g, into which is socketed the shank O of the chuck, which holds the upper point-cutter. Said 1ever is operated through the medium of an cecentric strap and arm, J, by means of the eccentric J, keyed onshaft S, (see Figs. 1 and 14,) which eccentric is integral with and has an exact opposite throw from eccentric J. 0 denotes a similar lever arranged below bed B, fulcrumed to the depending lug of bracket K, as described, by means of pin m, and has set therein the chuck into which is socketed the shank C of the chuckwhich holds the lower point-cutter. Said lever is operated by means of the eccentric J through the medium of the eccentric strap and arm J", which conv nects said eccentric with said lever, as shown in Fig. 14.

R is a cap-plate secured to the face of stand- .ard D by means. of cap-screws, as shown in Figs. 7 and 14. Said cap-plate has planed in its face next said standard a vertical angular recess, which is arranged opposite a corresponding angular recess planed in said standard, the two recesses thus forming a vertical box in which is arranged and operated the chuck for holding the upper point-cutter, as shown in Figs. 7 to 14, and 16, and Rdenotes a said parts to which said plate is secured are similarly recessed to form a vertical box directly under the box of the chuck which holds the upper point-cutter, and on the opposite side of the wire-line fromsaid box, as shown in Figs. 7 and 14.

Z represents awire-guide, which is arranged I in a horizontal recess in the face of the extension orjwing Dof head D in suchmanner that its inner end will rest upon the rear part of plate R and a short distance from the rear part of the gripping-dies G and G, as shown in Fig. 7, (see also Figs. 2 to 10, and 14,) and is held firmlyin said recess by means of the clips Z", held by cap-screws, as shown in Figs. 7 and 14. Said guide is constructed as shown in detail in Figs. 2 to 4, and 10, havingthewirechannel Z (see Fig. 4) planed in its body and rear part up toan offset near its inner end, said inner end being bored to meet said channel, said bore being shown at Z? in Fig. 4. This hole is'intended to be of a size corresponding with the gage of wire used. A cap-plate,

Z, arranged over said channel Z, serves to hold the wire Vin said channel and complete the guide.

It represents the chuck For holding the upper point-cutter, which is shown in Figs. 16, 17, and 1S and by dotted lines in Fig. 7. The shank G is screwed into the upper part of said chuck, and is firmly secured by means of a loek-nut. Said shank connects said chuck with chuck g of lever-O, as described, and is adjusted and held in said chuck g by means of set-screws f and f respectively, (see Figs. 7 and 14,) said screw f bei ng secured by the lock nut f. Set in the lower part of said chuck R is the upper point-cutter, 0, arranged to operate between the rear part of the grippingdies and the inner end of the wire-guide and to shear past the channel Z of said guide.

(See Figs. 4 to 7, and 10.) A corresponding chuck, it (see Fig. 7,) for holding the lower pointcutter, O, is arranged inthe lower vertical box, as described, and has a correspond ing shank, O similarly secured in its lower end, and is socketed in chuck g oflever O, as described, and is adjusted and held by means of set-screws X and X'firespectivelymaid screw X beingsecu red by the lock-nut X. (See Figs.

7 and 14.) Said point-cutter O is arranged to operate exactly opposite cutter O, which is immediately below the wire, and in such manner that its cutting-edges will meet those of cutter O and cut the'naitpoints. The pointcutters O and C are shown more particularly in Fig. 4. They are formed with oblique cutting-edges meeting at the side next the wireguide Z, and with-a cavity between the said oblique edges, having its inclined, sides at right angles to one another, in such manner that when the two cutters meet the cavity between them will be pyramidal in form. The side portions of the operative ends of the said cutters, next the said wire-guide, are beveled to form said cutting-edges,while opposite said guide said portions areleft intact, as shown in Fig. 1 at a a and a a. When said cutters meet each other, said flat portions of cutter O register with those of cutter C, and thus permit the said cutting-edges to meet close, but

not engage each other sufficiently to result in injury, and by thus arranging said flattened portions at the outer side of and adjacent to the diverging part of said cuttingedges they are backed up and reeni'orced to give them grcatstrength,and, by arrangingsaid flattened meeting surfaces at the opposite end from the angle of said cutting'edges permit the chip cut from the two sides of the uailpoint to be rcadily'discharged and render; said cuttingedges more easily sharpened. The said cutters are so arranged and operated that they alternately recede from and advance toward each other, one either side of the wire-line.

\Vhen the machine is operati ng making nails, the upper cutter, G, will first engage the wire \V, which has been fed forward far enough to form a nail and gripped between the gripping dies. The upper cutter will meet the wire at machine.

the place where it emerges from the guide Z,

and as said cutter advances it will shear the blank square off from the main wire; but, however, before the wire is thus cut off,'the lower cutter, G, has advanced sufficiently to engage and hold the blank until the two cutters meet. As said cutters meet,they will cut a chip from either side of said blank and sim ultaneousl y compress the two opposite sides,and thus form a pointon said blank pyramidal in form,corresponding with the form of the cavity of said cutters. At the time the cutter C engages the wire \V, and before the blank is sheared loose from the main wire, the portion of wire which has been fed forward and pro jects from between the gripping-dies, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2, is engaged by the heading-tool and formed into a nailhead, as shown in said figure, and thus while the said point-cutter O is in process of severing the blank loose from the main wire the nail-head is termed. The gripping-dies then release their grip on the partially-formed nail, and the two cutters in their joint operation of pointing the nail meet below the line of the main wirc,and thus dislodge the nail from the gripping-dies and carry it below the line of the main wire and out of the way of the next succeeding nail, as shown in Fig. 10, and as said cutters reeede from each other the completed nail is permitted to fall, and is caught and conducted from the machine by spout Q, (shown in Fig. 7,) which is secured to bracket K under the gripping dies.

F represents a reciprocating wire-feeding grip'head, (see Figs. 1 to 7, and 9,) and is arranged to reciprocate parallel with the wireline upon guide 0, which is secured on bracket B by means of cap-screws.

d and dare a pair of gripdogs set in studs (1, which are pivotal] y secured in the upper part ct head F, and said dogs are yicldingly held in contact with the wire 7 by means of coilsprings arranged on the extending shanks of said studs, as shown in Figs. 1 and 9. Said dogs are held in said studs by means of setscrews, and may be removed or adjusted when desired.

d is a plate'secu red on a step of head F, u nder the dogs (1, and is for the purpose of supporting the wire W in proper line, so the said dogs will properly engage it to feed itinto the Each end of said plate is turned up, and a hole is bored' through said turned-up portions, which thus form guides to properly guide the wire across said plate.

1? is a slotted disk secured on shaft S at the outer side of box 13", as shown in Fig. 1. Said disk has secured in its face-slot a crank stud, P", in the ordinary manner, as shown in Figs. 1 and 15. Said disk is connected with and reciprocates head F through the medium of pitman 1 as shown in Fig. 1. Said crank-stud length of wire at each movement.

justment is effected by means of screw 1?, which revolves inaplate secured to the periphcry of said disk at one end of its face-slot. Said 'screw is secured into and through a tapped hole in the head of stud P", which slidcsin the said face slot. The face of said disk is provided with a scale, as shown in Fig. 15 and pitman P has an indicating-point arranged to be moved along said scale, which is for the purpose of facilitating in properly adjusting the feeding mechanism for different lengths of nails. In Fig. 8 the forked ear-lugs of arm H of header-lever H are represented as having a series of pin-holes for the reception of pin and beam L has a corresponding series of holes which are for the purpose of changing the point of pivoting-said arm, which becomes necessary when the machine is intended to make nails of different lengths in order that the said point of pivoting can be directly under the point of heading. WVhen long nails are being made, the gripping-dies are full width, and when shorter nails are being made the gripping-dies are cut away on their face side, as shown in=Fig. 5, and when full-width gripping-dies are used and long nails are being made the .header-arnrH is pivoted at hole 1, (see Fig. 8), which is directly under the point ofheading, and when medium-length nails are being made said pivot would be at hole 2,and for short nails at hole 3. The construction of said header-arm with but one point of pivot, as shown in Fig. 7, is employed when the machine is intended to make special-size nails.

nand h represent guides arranged at either side of the oscillating grip-head D, as shown in Fig. 1, and are for the purpose of properly guiding said grip head. A wedgeshaped slide, a, (shown by dotted lines in said figure adjustably secured to the face of guide n),serves I to take up the wear of said head and prevent lost motion, and also formsasolid backing for said grip-head to resist the blow of the header against the gripping-dies.

The form of the operative portion of the gripping-dies G and G is shown in Figs. 2 to 5, and 6, and especially in Fig. 3, and have a slight groove, a", formed across the length of their face on the wire-line, and are beveled each side from said groove, as shown at of, Fig. 3, in such manner that should a nail get crosswise between them it will be cut in two and not strain or clog the machine, and the parts where the heads of nails are formed are left intact a short distance back, as shown at a in said figure, so as not to leave too great an opening between them when closed upon a nail (see Fig.'6) and to preserve the surface against which the nail-heads are flattened.

Y The said grooves a of said dies are slightly countersunk where the nail-heads are formed where the nail-heads are formed of the style shown in Fig. 13, in which case the heads are upset in said countersink; but when nail-heads grip the nails assist eccentric I in holding the nails gripped a little longer than would be the case were said parts perfectly rigid, thus affording time for eccentric E to operate the heading mechanism to form the nail-heads; and it would be, quite difficult to so construct this machine that said parts would not be slightly yielding. The movements of the opposite parts of this machine. being produced by eccentrics in all important parts, enables it to be run in either direction. A grip-dog may be secured to straightencrT for preventing backward movement of the wire WV; but

usually the frictional contact of said wire with the straightening-rolls is sufficient to hold it from back movement. The wire W is threaded into the machine first between the rolls of straightener T, thence across the reciprocating head F, under the dogs (Z, and thenceinto guide Z, and when the machine is in operation the wire is fed forward by the feeding mechanism far enough at each movement to emerge from guide Z and enter between and project a short distance beyond the gripping-dies, and during the process of feeding the said dies are being closed,so as to form a guide forthe end of the advancing wire and close upon it the instant it reaches its destination. The heading-tool and point-cutters advance toward the wire at the same time; but an instant later, while the grip on the wire is greatest, the heading-tool meets the portion of wire projecting from the gripping-dies and upsets it to form a nail-head.

During the process of heading the upper point-cutter is severing the partially-formed nail loose from the main wire by shearing past the wire-guide. An instant later, as the oscillating gripping-die is receding, said upper point-cutter has dislodged the nail from the gripping-dies and carried it below the wire-line to the point where said upper cutter meets the lower one, when the nail is formed complete and permitted to fall as the cutters separate. The nail is thus entire] y out of the way for the next succeedingfeed, as described. During the process of forming a nail the feeding mechanism recedes, and when the nailforming parts are open or apart from each other the next succeeding feed is made and another nail formed in like manner. Thus each movement of parts which operate upon and form the nails is positively imparted by an eccentric, and said parts work from pivot centers, which secure ease and speed in the movement of the machine.

Having thus described my invention, what I clalm as new, anddesireto secure by Letters Patent, is as follows, towit:

1 In the wire-nail machine shown and descr1bed, the gripping-head arranged through an opening in bed B and pivotally secured to bracket K below said bed, header-leverH H simllarly arranged at right angles with said gripplng-head and pivotally secured to beam L below said bed,and cutter-levers O and 0, arranged, respectively, one above and one below said bed and pivotally secured to standard D and bracket K, and each operating a n all-point cutter, in combination with stationary grip-head D, wire-guide Z Z, dies G G, header H, cutters G O, and eccentrics I, E, J, and J and their respective straps and arms for respectively operating said parts, in the manner substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In the wire-nail machine described, the gripplng-head D and header-lever H H respeetively having the die G and header H above the machine-bed and pivoted to fixed bearings below said bed, in combination with stationary head D, bearing the gripdie G, and eccentrics I and E, arranged substantially as set forth, and cooperating to simultaneously grip and head a nail, in the manner substantially as specified.

3. In the wire-nail machine described, in combinatlon with the head D,having the gripdle G, the wire-gripping head D, having set thereln a gripping-die and arranged to oscillate from a pivotal bearing below the machinebed and at right angles with the wire-line by means of eccentric I through the medium of a strap and arm, in the manner substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In the wire-nail machine described, the levers O and 0, arranged, respectively, one above and one below the machine-bed and pivotally secured to standard D and bracket K, respectively, in combination with the chucks R and It 11ai1-point cutters G and O, and eccentrics J and J and their straps and arms for respectively operating said parts, in the manner substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In the wire-nail machine described, the hcader-leverH,having a pair ofear-lugs formed on its rear upper part,'and a downwardlyextending arm, H", terminating in a pair of earlugs forked over and pivoted to beam L, and

I having the adjustable nail-heading tool II set therein, in combination with the eccentric E, strap and arm E, and pin 1', and the guideplatesb I), substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. In the wire-nail machine described, the gripping-head D, having a pair of ear-lugs formed on its rear upper part and a downwardly-extending curved arm pivotally se cured between a pair of stationary ear-lugs,

and having the adjustable gripping-die 'G set therein, in combination with eccentric-strap I and arm I, guides a and h, and the head D,

having the stationary gripping-die G set there in, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In the wircnail machine described, the combination of the levers O and O, respectively fulcrumed to stationary bearings of the machine, one above and one belowbed B, and respectively provided with the chucks g and g, with the eccentrics J J and straps and arms J J", shanks C 0 chucks It It", and

point-cutters G and G, substantially as and for p combination of the stationary gripping-die G and horizontally-operating gripping-die G, arranged facing each other, header H, arranged facing said gripping-dies, wire-guide Z, arranged to conduct the wire between said dies, and the reciprocating nai1-point cutters (l and 0 arran ed to o aerate between said grip- 1 ping-dies and wire' guidc, in the manner substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. In the wire-nail machine described, the

chucks g and g, respectively seated and ar- IOO ranged to oscillate in levers O and 0, in combination with said levers and the pointcutter chucks and point-cutters O and O, sulbstantiall y as and for the purpose set forth.

11. In the wire-nail machine described, the chucks R andR, respectively having the shanks O and O and arranged to operate in vertical boxes and hold the point-cutters in such maner that they face each other, in combination with the chucks g and g and levers O and O, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. In the wire-nail machine described, the disk I? of the feeding mechanism,havinga scale and an adjusting-screw, as specified, in (:Ohb bination with pitman P and the reciprocating feeding grip-head F, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

13. In the wire-nail machine described, the chucks R and R, arranged in vertical boxes facing each other and respectively having the,

nail-point cutters C O and the wire-guide Z, fixed in a position at right angles with said cutters and arra1fged to conduct wire between said. cutters, all combined. and operating in the manner substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

14:. In the Wire-nail machine described, in

combination with the gripping, heading, and point-cutting mechanisms, constructed substantially as described, the reciprocating feed ing grip-head F, having the spring-grip dogs (I d and plate d", and arranged on guide 6, and

' operated in the manner substantially as set forth. 7

15. In the wire-nail machine shown and described, the combinatiomwith bedB and boxes 13*, B B", B and B, of the shaft S, having the pulleys A and A, eccentrics I, J, and J, and a miter-gear, M, and shaft S, having the balance-wheel A, eccentric E, feed-disk P, and a miter-gear, M, and. united by said gears and arranged to operate the feeding, gripping, heading, and pointing mechanism of the machine, in the manner and for the purpose'set forth.

16. In the wire nail machine described, in combination with wing D, the wire-feeding mechanism and point-cutters O Gaud the guide Z,constructed and arranged in the mannersubstantially as set forth.

17. In the wire-nail machine described, the

combination of the header-lever H H and beam L, each having a series of pivot-holes, 1 2 3, pin and adjustable header H, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

18. In the wire-nail machine described, in

combination with levers O and O and chucks 9 and y, the chucks R and R respectively having the shanks C and 0" and the set-screws f .f and X X", substantially as and for the purspectively provided with the adjustable shanks C and O screwed therein, as set forth, and arranged to operate in the manner substantially as specified.

21. In the wire-nail machine described, in combination with their respective chucks, the nail-point cutters G and 0, having oblique cutti 1] g=edges arranged to register with each other, and respectively having the flattened portions or meeting surfaces can and a a arranged at the outer sides of and adjacent to the diverging ends of said cutting-edges, and leave the said cutting-edges unobstructed at their outer sides at their respective angles, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

22. In the wire-nail machine described, the

combination of the gripping-dies G and G,

having cavities in their engaging-faces fitting the nail-wire, header H, arranged in line with said cavities and adapted to move toward and from said dies to engage and form a nail-head on the wire projecting from said dies, wireguide Z, arranged in line with said die-cavities on the opposite side of said dies from said header, and the nail-point cutters G and C, arranged to operate transversely from said die cavities between said dies and guide to sever a nail loose from the nail-wire and cut and form the nail-points anddislodge the nail from the grippingdies, substantially as set forth.

WILLIAM J. HUTOHINS. Witnesses:

Trros. H. I'IUTOHINS, K. O. HUTOI-IINS. 

